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SQL GROUP BY 语句


Aggregate 函数常常需要添加 GROUP BY 语句。

GROUP BY语句通常与集合函数(COUNT,MAX,MIN,SUM,AVG)一起使用,以按一个或多个列对结果集进行分组。

GROUP BY 语句


GROUP BY 语句用于结合 Aggregate 函数,根据一个或多个列对结果集进行分组。

SQL GROUP BY 语法

sql
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
GROUP BY column_name(s)
ORDER BY column_name(s);

演示数据库


在本教程中,我们将使用众所周知的 Northwind 样本数据库。

下面是选自 "Customers"表的数据:

CustomerIDCustomerNameContactNameAddressCityPostalCodeCountry
1Alfreds FutterkisteMaria AndersObere Str. 57Berlin12209Germany
2Ana Trujillo Emparedados y heladosAna TrujilloAvda. de la Constitución 2222México D.F.05021Mexico
3Antonio Moreno TaqueríaAntonio MorenoMataderos 2312México D.F.05023Mexico
4Around the HornThomas Hardy120 Hanover Sq.LondonWA1 1DPUK
5Berglunds snabbköpChristina BerglundBerguvsvägen 8LuleåS-958 22Sweden

SQL GROUP BY示例


以下SQL语句列出了每个国家/地区的客户数量:

sql
SELECT COUNT(CustomerID), Country
FROM Customers
GROUP BY Country;

以下SQL语句列出每个国家的客户数量,从高到低排序:

sql
SELECT COUNT(CustomerID), Country
FROM Customers
GROUP BY Country
ORDER BY COUNT(CustomerID) DESC;

演示数据库


以下是罗斯文示例数据库中"订单"表的一个选择:

OrderIDCustomerIDEmployeeIDOrderDateShipperID
102489051996-07-043
102498161996-07-051
102503441996-07-082

并从"Shippers"表中选择:

ShipperIDShipperName
1Speedy Express
2United Package
3Federal Shipping

GROUP BY使用JOIN示例


以下SQL语句列出了每个发货人发送的订单数量:

sql
SELECT Shippers.ShipperName, COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrders FROM Orders
LEFT JOIN Shippers ON Orders.ShipperID = Shippers.ShipperID
GROUP BY ShipperName;